Publications

@article{Astley2022,

title = {Engaging Patients in Lifestyle Behaviour Change in Cardiovascular Secondary Prevention: Understanding the Complexity},

author = {Carolyn M. Astley and Julie Redfern and Susie H. Cartledge and Tom Briffa},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2021.10.014},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {31},

number = {1},

pages = {1--3},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Candelaria2022c,

title = {Validation of the PROMIS-29v2 Health-Related Quality-of-Life Questionnaire in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease Participating in Remote Cardiac Rehabilitation},

author = {Dion Candelaria and Laila Akbar Ladak and Sue Randall and Ann Kirkness and Kellie Roach and Judith Fethney and Robyn Gallagher},

doi = {10.1097/hcr.0000000000000676},

issn = {1932-7501},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

volume = {42},

number = {4},

pages = {246--251},

publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},

abstract = {

            Purpose:

            The aim of this study was to validate the 29-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System version 2.0 (PROMIS-29v2) health-related quality-of-life (HRQL) questionnaire for use in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) participating in remotely delivered cardiac rehabilitation (CR).

          

          

            Methods:

            Patients commencing remote CR across four sites in New South Wales, Australia, answered the PROMIS-29v2 and 12-item Short Form Health Survey version 2.0 (SF-12v2) questionnaires at CR entry and completion (6 wk). The data were analyzed for validity, reliability, and responsiveness to change.

          

          

            Results:

            Patients (N = 89) had a mean age of 66.9 ± 9.3 yr; 83% were male and were referred to CR for elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (42%), myocardial infarction (36%), and coronary artery bypass grafting (22%). Internal consistency reliability was adequate, with the Cronbach α ranging from 0.78-0.98. Convergent validity between the PROMIS-29v2 and SF-12v2 summary scores showed significantly strong correlations for physical (r = 0.62) and moderate for mental (r = 0.36) health. Discriminant validity was confirmed for sex (women reported lower physical and mental health) and referral diagnosis (patients who had elective PCI reported better physical health). Effect size (ES) comparisons confirmed responsiveness to change from CR entry to completion in physical health (ES = 0.51) and demonstrated evidence of more responsiveness than SF-12v2 for mental health (ES = 0.70).

          

          

            Conclusion:

            The PROMIS-29v2 is reliable, valid, and responsive to changes in patients with CHD attending remotely delivered CR and allows for baseline HRQL assessment, between-diagnosis comparisons, and evaluation of changes over time.

          },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Chung2022,

title = {Women's Health-Related Quality of Life Substantially Improves With Tailored Cardiac Rehabilitation},

author = {Sherrie Chung and Dion Candelaria and Robyn Gallagher},

doi = {10.1097/hcr.0000000000000692},

issn = {1932-7501},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

volume = {42},

number = {4},

pages = {217--226},

publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},

abstract = {

            Purpose:

            Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (EBCR) offers an opportunity to improve women's otherwise poorer outcomes from coronary heart disease compared with men. However, synthesized evidence for the benefits of EBCR for health-related quality of life (HRQL) is lacking for women. The current study addresses this gap.

          

          

            Methods:

            Four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and Cochrane) were searched for studies reporting HRQL using validated questionnaires in women attending EBCR. Two reviewers independently screened articles and extracted data. A random effects model was used for meta-analysis, where possible.

          

          

            Results:

            Eleven studies (1237 women) were included, with seven suitable for meta-analyses. Participation in EBCR improved multiple domains of HRQL, with greatest improvements in Role Physical (mean differences [MD] = 19.09: 95% CI, 2.37-35.81), Physical Functioning (MD = 10.43: 95% CI, 2.60-18.27), and Vitality (MD = 9.59: 95% CI, 0.31-18.86) domains of the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Adding psychosocial components tailored for women to traditional EBCR produced further gains in HRQL in Bodily Pain (MD = 9.82: 95% CI, 4.43-15.21), Role Physical (MD = 8.48: 95% CI, 1.31-9.97), Vitality (MD = 8.17: 95% CI, 3.79-12.55), General Health (MD = 5.64: 95% CI, 1.31-9.97), and Physical Functioning (MD = 5.61: 95% CI, 0.83-10.40) domains.

          

          

            Conclusions:

            Women attending EBCR achieve clinically meaningful improvements in multiple areas of HRQL, with added benefits when strategies were tailored to their needs. These benefits should be highlighted to promote EBCR uptake in women.

          },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Raeside2022,

title = {Navigating the Online World of Lifestyle Health Information: Qualitative Study With Adolescents},

author = {Rebecca Raeside and Si Si Jia and Julie Redfern and Stephanie R Partridge},

doi = {10.2196/35165},

issn = {2561-6722},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

journal = {JMIR Pediatr Parent},

volume = {5},

number = {1},

publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc.},

abstract = {

            Background

            Adolescence is a critical life stage characterized by an interplay of biological, social, and environmental factors. Such factors influence lifestyle health-related trajectories, including dietary behaviors, physical activity levels, body weight, and sleep. Generation Z (born 1995-2015) is the most internet-dependent and technologically savvy generation in history with increasing rates of smartphone ownership across high- and low-income countries. Gaps exist in understanding what online platforms adolescents are using and barriers and facilitators of these platforms to seek lifestyle health information.

          

          

            Objective

            We evaluated adolescents’ perceptions on the use of contemporary digital platforms (websites, social media platforms, smartphone apps) to seek lifestyle heath information or advice.

          

          

            Methods

            Virtual focus groups were held via Zoom teleconference between July 2021 and August 2021. Eligible participants were 13 years to 18 years old, were living in Australia, and had searched for online lifestyle health information in the previous 3 months. For this study, lifestyle health information referred to key behaviors and risk factors for chronic disease, namely, diet, physical activity, weight management, and sleep. Participants were recruited through an existing database of research participants and networks of the research team. Focus groups were analyzed using the framework approach, in which data are systematically searched to recognize patterns in the data and manage, analyze, and identify themes. Focus group audio files were transcribed verbatim and independently coded by 2 researchers (RR, SSJ). Through an iterative, reflexive process, a final coding matrix was agreed on by all researchers and used to thematically analyze the data.

          

          

            Results

            We held 5 focus groups (n=32; mean age: 16.3 [SD 1.4] years; 18/32, 56% female; 13/32, 41% spoke language other than English at home). Thematic analysis revealed participants searched for information both actively (eg, on Google or YouTube) and passively (eg, scrolling social media and using existing apps preloaded to their smartphone such as Apple Health, Samsung Health, or Google Fit apps). Participants identified that the most helpful information was well-presented in terms of aesthetic appeal and layout and came from a credible and reliable source (eg, any sponsorships disclosed), and they expressed the need for the information to be relatable. Mixed views were reported for the application of lifestyle health information found online. Some participants reported behavior change, while others noted that certain advice was hard to maintain and incorporate into their lifestyle.

          

          

            Conclusions

            This study highlights the abundance and complexity of lifestyle health information online for adolescents. Adolescents in the digital age seek access to information that is appealing, credible, relevant, and actionable for lifestyle health behaviors. To appeal to needs of adolescents, future interventions for adolescents relating to lifestyle health must consider co-design methodological approaches. Furthermore, the regulation of lifestyle health information available online warrants further investigation.

          },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Parker2021,

title = {Occupational and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Have Different Relationships With Health: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study of Working Nurses},

author = {Helen M. Parker and Robyn Gallagher and Christine Duffield and Ding Ding and David Sibbritt and Lin Perry},

doi = {10.1123/jpah.2020-0415},

issn = {1543-5474},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-01},

volume = {18},

number = {12},

pages = {1495--1502},

publisher = {Human Kinetics},

abstract = {Background: Recent research has focused on the potential benefits of physical activity in occupational settings in addition to leisure time. However, occupational physical activity (OPA) differs substantially for occupations that require heavy and repetitive physical work, such as nursing. We explored associations between leisure time and OPA and health outcomes in working nurses and midwives. Methods: Nurses who were enrolled in the Fit For the Future study (New South Wales, Australia) and who completed physical activity questionnaires (n = 4343) were classified according to high (HO) or low (LO) occupational and high (HL) or low (LL) leisure-time physical activity (LTPA): HO performed walking/heavy labor most/all of the time at work; HL met the guidelines of 150 minutes per week moderate to vigorous LTPA, creating 4 categories: HOLL, HOHL, LOHL, and LOLL. Results: HL predicted better self-rated health (unstandardized B = 0.51, 95% confidence interval, 0.44 to 0.57) and lower likelihood of ≥3 sick days in the past 12 months (OR: 0.71, 95% confidence interval, 0.61 to 0.83), whereas HO predicted higher likelihood of ≥3 sick days (OR: 1.17, 95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.35), adjusting for all variables. Conclusions: OPA may not confer the same health benefits as LTPA for nurses. Health-promoting interventions should emphasize the importance of achieving adequate moderate to vigorous LTPA for all, including those undertaking substantial OPA.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Armstrong2021,

title = {How Helpful and What Is the Quality of Digital Sources of Healthy Lifestyle Information Used by Australian Adolescents? A Mixed Methods Study},

author = {Matthew Armstrong and Nicole K. Halim and Rebecca Raeside and Si Si Jia and Karice Hyun and Farzaneh Boroumand and Mariam Mandoh and Anna C. Singleton and Philayrath Phongsavan and Julie Redfern and Stephanie R. Partridge},

doi = {10.3390/ijerph182312844},

issn = {1660-4601},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-00},

journal = {IJERPH},

volume = {18},

number = {23},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {To evaluate the digital platforms most used by adolescents for healthy lifestyle information, perceived helpfulness of platform information, helpfulness for positive behaviour changes, and quality of platforms’ lifestyle health information. Mixed-methods study including a cross-sectional online survey and content analysis. Eligible participants were 13–18-years; living in Australia; and had searched online for healthy lifestyle behaviour (nutrition, physical activity, weight management, sleep) information in the previous three months. Survey items examined the use of digital platforms, self-perceived helpfulness, usefulness for positive behaviour, and popular content. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression models. Content analysis was performed on popular digital content to evaluate expertise, objectivity, transparency, popularity, and relevance. In total, 297 participants completed the survey (62.3% female; 15.8 [SD1.5] years). Seventy-eight percent and 77% of participants reported using websites and social media, respectively, for seeking healthy lifestyle information. Websites and social media were rated as somewhat helpful by 43% and 46% of participants, respectively. Sixty-six percent and 53% of participants agreed/strongly agreed smartphone apps and social media were helpful for positive behaviour change, respectively. Helpfulness did not differ by age or gender. We evaluated 582 popular digital content; 38% were produced by a commercial company. Only 7% of content was from health organisations, 10% from health professionals and only 10% of content was objective, and 14% was transparent. Adolescents extensively utilise websites and social media for health information, yet popular content has limited objectivity and transparency. Governments and health organisations should consider creating age-appropriate digital information for healthy lifestyle behaviours.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Coorey2021,

title = {The health digital twin: advancing precision cardiovascular medicine},

author = {Genevieve Coorey and Gemma A. Figtree and David F. Fletcher and Julie Redfern},

doi = {10.1038/s41569-021-00630-4},

issn = {1759-5010},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-00},

journal = {Nat Rev Cardiol},

volume = {18},

number = {12},

pages = {803--804},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Li2021,

title = {A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative literature on health professionals' experiences communicating with Chinese immigrants},

author = {Jialin Li and Nicole Lowres and Fung Kuen Koo and Robyn Gallagher},

doi = {10.1111/ijn.12960},

issn = {1440-172X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-00},

journal = {Int J of Nursing Practice},

volume = {27},

number = {6},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to determine health professionals' experiences communicating with Chinese immigrants and identify potential education barriers.BackgroundHealth professionals caring for Chinese immigrants often encounter communication barriers, leading to uncertainty of quality of care.DesignThis study is a quantitative and qualitative systematic review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched, limited to 1980 to October 2020.Review methodsArticles were included if they reported results about health professional communication with Chinese patients. Quality was appraised using Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines and thematic synthesis conducted.ResultsOf 1363 articles, seven studies were included. These described provider–patient communication in primary care, oncology and palliative settings only. Three core themes were identified: (1) family‐centred health communication where family controls provider–patient information exchange; (2) mismatch of provider–patient health beliefs and knowledge on diet, nutrition, traditional medicine, place for death and disease prevention and (3) mismatch of language and resources as skilled providers proficient in specific dialects are limited; communication resources are perceived as infrequently available and content is insufficient.ConclusionStudies describing health professionals' experiences communicating with Chinese immigrants are limited. Key barriers identified included cultural and language disparities and communication resources are inadequate to support health professionals' needs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sarkies2021,

title = {Applying a framework to assess the impact of cardiovascular outcomes improvement research},

author = {Mitchell N. Sarkies and Suzanne Robinson and Tom Briffa and Stephen J. Duffy and Mark Nelson and John Beltrame and Louise Cullen and Derek Chew and Julian Smith and David Brieger and Peter Macdonald and Danny Liew and Chris Reid},

doi = {10.1186/s12961-021-00710-4},

issn = {1478-4505},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-00},

journal = {Health Res Policy Sys},

volume = {19},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {Abstract

                Background

                Health and medical research funding agencies are increasingly interested in measuring the impact of funded research. We present a research impact case study for the first four years of an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council funded Centre of Research Excellence in Cardiovascular Outcomes Improvement (2016–2020). The primary aim of this paper was to explore the application of a research impact matrix to assess the impact of cardiovascular outcomes improvement research.

              

                Methods

                We applied a research impact matrix developed from a systematic review of existing methodological frameworks used to measure research impact. This impact matrix was used as a bespoke tool to identify and understand various research impacts over different time frames. Data sources included a review of existing internal documentation from the research centre and publicly available information sources, informal iterative discussions with 10 centre investigators, and confirmation of information from centre grant and scholarship recipients.

              

                Results

                By July 2019, the impact on the short-term research domain category included over 41 direct publications, which were cited over 87 times (median journal impact factor of 2.84). There were over 61 conference presentations, seven PhD candidacies, five new academic collaborations, and six new database linkages conducted. The impact on the mid-term research domain category involved contributions towards the development of a national cardiac registry, cardiovascular guidelines, application for a Medicare Benefits Schedule reimbursement item number, introduction of patient-reported outcome measures into several databases, and the establishment of nine new industry collaborations. Evidence of long-term impacts were described as the development and use of contemporary management for aortic stenosis, a cardiovascular risk prediction model and prevention targets in several data registries, and the establishment of cost-effectiveness for stenting compared to surgery.

              

                Conclusions

                We considered the research impact matrix a feasible tool to identify evidence of academic and policy impact in the short- to midterm; however, we experienced challenges in capturing long-term impacts. Cost containment and broader economic impacts represented another difficult area of impact to measure.

              },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hsu2021,

title = {Sex differences in emergency medical services management of patients with myocardial infarction: analysis of routinely collected data for over 110,000 patients},

author = {Benjumin Hsu and Cheryl Carcel and Xia Wang and Sanne A.E. Peters and Deborah A. Randall and Alys Havard and Matthew Miller and Julie Redfern and Mark Woodward and Louisa R. Jorm},

doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2021.07.009},

issn = {0002-8703},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-11-00},

journal = {American Heart Journal},

volume = {241},

pages = {87--91},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Liu2021,

title = {Establishing a process to translate and adapt health education materials for natives and immigrants: The case of Mandarin adaptations of cardiac rehabilitation education},

author = {Xia Liu and Gabriela L.M. Ghisi and Shu Meng and Sherry L. Grace and Wendan Shi and Ling Zhang and Robyn Gallagher and Paul Oh and Crystal Aultman and Nicole Sandison and Biao Ding and Yaqing Zhang},

doi = {10.1016/j.hrtlng.2021.06.002},

issn = {0147-9563},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-11-00},

journal = {Heart & Lung},

volume = {50},

number = {6},

pages = {794--817},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Davis2021,

title = {Gamified applications for secondary prevention in patients with high cardiovascular disease risk: A systematic review of effectiveness and acceptability},

author = {Angus J. Davis and Helen M. Parker and Robyn Gallagher},

doi = {10.1111/jocn.15808},

issn = {1365-2702},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-00},

journal = {Journal of Clinical Nursing},

volume = {30},

number = {19-20},

pages = {3001--3010},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {AbstractIntroductionGamified health mobile applications (apps) are promoted as innovative approaches to self‐management and risk factor reduction. However, information is lacking on effectiveness or feasibility in older patients at high risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which limits uptake and recommendations by nurses. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of gamified apps for CVD secondary prevention.MethodsEQUATOR PRISMA checklist was used to guide the systematic review. PubMed, Embase and SCOPUS were searched from inception to January 2020 for studies evaluating app interventions incorporating ≥2 game tactics and targeting secondary prevention in patients diagnosed with heart disease, hypertension, stroke or type 2 diabetes. Narrative summaries of results were used as meta‐analysis were not possible. The PROSPERO ID number was CRD42020209791.ResultsSeven studies involving 657 patients were included. Gamified apps resulted in more improvement in physical activity, HbA1C and diabetes self‐management empowerment compared to multiple different comparators, and more physical activity motivation compared to a neutral content control app. Heart failure knowledge also improved significantly. However, no benefits above usual care were evident for blood pressure or body mass index, or from app use for heart failure self‐management, medication adherence or atrial fibrillation knowledge.App acceptability in terms of usage declined with time but was high for the game components of challenges, medication monitoring, viewing of leader boards and badges and walking training participation. Enjoyment was highest for elements that featured surprise/novelty, having teammates, challenges, good graphic design and clarity.ConclusionsGamified mobile apps show the potential to improve secondary prevention in high CVD risk patients. Indications for acceptability were evident, with higher adherence than clinic‐based secondary prevention programmes. However, further well‐designed randomised controlled trials, which track app usage are needed to confirm this potential and encourage nurses to recommend these types of apps.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hafiz2021,

title = {Gender Comparison of Receipt of Government-Funded Health Services and Medication Prescriptions for the Management of Patients With Cardiovascular Disease in Primary Care},

author = {Nashid Hafiz and Karice Hyun and Andrew Knight and Charlotte Hespe and Clara K. Chow and Tom Briffa and Robyn Gallagher and Christopher M. Reid and David L. Hare and Nicholas Zwar and Mark Woodward and Stephen Jan and Emily R. Atkins and Tracey-Lea Laba and Elizabeth Halcomb and Timothy Usherwood and Julie Redfern},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2021.04.005},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {30},

number = {10},

pages = {1516--1524},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hure2021,

title = {Translation and Impact of Funded Australian Cardiovascular Research: A Review With Perspective},

author = {Alexis J. Hure and Shanthi Ramanathan and Simon Deeming and Gemma A. Figtree and Garry Jennings and Jacqui Webster and Rachael L. Morton and Julie Redfern and Kerry Doyle and Stephen J. Nicholls and Stephanie Blows and Catherine Kellick and Martin McNamara and Andrew Searles},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2021.04.025},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {30},

number = {10},

pages = {1442--1448},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Paige2021,

title = {A Versatile Big Data Health System for Australia: Driving Improvements in Cardiovascular Health},

author = {Ellie Paige and Kerry Doyle and Louisa Jorm and Emily Banks and Meng-Ping Hsu and Lee Nedkoff and Tom Briffa and Dominique A. Cadilhac and Ray Mahoney and Johan W. Verjans and Girish Dwivedi and Michael Inouye and Gemma A. Figtree},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2021.04.023},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {30},

number = {10},

pages = {1467--1476},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gallagher2021,

title = {Evaluating mobile health technologies: does the traditional randomized controlled trial serve our needs?},

author = {Robyn Gallagher and Ling Zhang},

doi = {10.1093/eurjcn/zvab053},

issn = {1873-1953},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-08-20},

volume = {20},

number = {6},

pages = {623--626},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

abstract = {Abstract

               Mobile health technologies are increasingly used by cardiovascular nurses and allied health clinicians to support behaviour change and self-care in patients. Randomized controlled trials provide rigorous methodology for evaluation but progress slowly, so the technology is often outdated by completion. A helpful modification to the trial design includes identification of the behaviour intervention principles involved and concurrently track in-app usage data, allowing updates to be made. These data collected alongside user experiences enables analysis of effects on outcomes and determination of the relative influence of component parts. Cardiovascular and mental health mHealth strategies are used to exemplify these recommendations.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Thomas2020,

title = {Future-proofing cardiac rehabilitation: Transitioning services to telehealth during COVID-19},

author = {Emma Thomas and Robyn Gallagher and Sherry L Grace},

doi = {10.1177/2047487320922926},

issn = {2047-4881},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-07-10},

volume = {28},

number = {7},

pages = {e35--e36},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fritsch2021,

title = {TEXT4myBACK – The Development Process of a Self-Management Intervention Delivered Via Text Message for Low Back Pain},

author = {Carolina G. Fritsch and Paulo H. Ferreira and Joanna L. Prior and Giovana Vesentini and Patricia Schlotfeldt and Jillian Eyles and Sarah Robbins and Shirley Yu and Kathryn Mills and Deborah A. Taylor and Tara E. Lambert and Ornella Clavisi and Lisa Bywaters and Clara K. Chow and Julie Redfern and Andrew J. McLachlan and Manuela L. Ferreira},

doi = {10.1016/j.arrct.2021.100128},

issn = {2590-1095},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-06-00},

journal = {Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation},

volume = {3},

number = {2},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Pearsons2020,

title = {Atrial fibrillation self-management: a mobile telephone app scoping review and content analysis},

author = {Alice Pearsons and Coral L Hanson and Robyn Gallagher and Ronan E O’Carroll and Sahar Khonsari and Janet Hanley and Fiona E Strachan and Nicholas L Mills and Terence J Quinn and Brian McKinstry and Sheona McHale and Stacey Stewart and Mengying Zhang and Siobhan O’Connor and Lis Neubeck},

doi = {10.1093/eurjcn/zvaa014},

issn = {1873-1953},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-22},

volume = {20},

number = {4},

pages = {305--314},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

abstract = {Abstract

               Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects over 1.4 million people in the UK, resulting in a five-fold increased stroke risk and a three to four times greater risk of severe, disabling stroke. Atrial fibrillation, a chronic disease, requires monitoring, medication, and lifestyle measures. A self-management approach supported by mobile health (mHealth) may empower AF self-care. To assess the need to develop new mHealth self-management interventions for those with AF this review aimed to identify commercially available AF self-management apps, analyse, and synthesize (i) characteristics, (ii) functions, (iii) privacy/security, (iv) incorporated behaviour change techniques (BCTs), and (v) quality and usability. We searched app stores for ‘atrial fibrillation’ and ‘anticoagulation’, and included apps focused on AF self-management in the review. We examined app functions, privacy statements against best practice recommendations, the inclusion of BCTs using the App Behaviour Change Scale, and app quality/usability using the Mobile App Rating Scale. From an initial search of 555 apps, five apps were included in the review. Common functions were educational content, medication trackers, and communication with healthcare professionals. Apps contained limited BCTs, lacked intuitive functions and were difficult to use. Privacy policies were difficult to read. App quality rated from poor to acceptable and no app had been evaluated in a clinical trial. The review reports a lack of commercially available AF self-management apps of sufficient standard for use in healthcare settings. This highlights the need for clinically validated mHealth interventions incorporating evidence-based BCTs to support AF self-management.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jennings2021b,

title = {National Heart Foundation of Australia: position statement on coronary artery calcium scoring for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in Australia},

author = {Garry LR Jennings and Ralph Audehm and Warrick Bishop and Clara K Chow and Siaw-Teng Liaw and Danny Liew and Sara M Linton},

doi = {10.5694/mja2.51039},

issn = {1326-5377},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-00},

journal = {Medical Journal of Australia},

volume = {214},

number = {9},

pages = {434--439},

publisher = {AMPCo},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ayad2021,

title = {Factors that influence whether patients with acute coronary syndromes undergo cardiac catheterisation},

author = {Michael Ayad and Karice Hyun and Mario D’Souza and Julie Redfern and Janice Gullick and Mark Ryan and David B Brieger},

doi = {10.5694/mja2.50997},

issn = {1326-5377},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-00},

journal = {Medical Journal of Australia},

volume = {214},

number = {7},

pages = {310--317},

publisher = {AMPCo},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Zhang2021,

title = {A psychometric evaluation of the Health Literacy Questionnaire for Chinese immigrants: Linguistic and cultural considerations},

author = {Ling Zhang and Ding Ding and Judith Fethney and Robyn Gallagher},

doi = {10.1111/ijn.12909},

issn = {1440-172X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-00},

journal = {Int J of Nursing Practice},

volume = {27},

number = {2},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {AbstractObjectiveHealth literacy is an important predictor of health outcomes. The Health Literacy Questionnaire has been widely adopted to measure health literacy and has been translated into multiple languages including Chinese. This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the simplified Chinese Health Literacy Questionnaire.MethodsData were obtained from a sample of 362 Chinese immigrants from Chinese community organizations in New South Wales, Australia. Statistical analyses include descriptive and exploratory factor analyses.ResultsA seven‐factor solution was derived from 39 of the original 44 items, all with acceptable to excellent internal consistency but differing from the original construction. The health literacy subscale scores were negatively associated with age and with age at immigration, but positively associated with duration of stay (years) in Australia, better English proficiency and current employment. Differing interpretations of the questions based on Chinese culture could possibly explain the variations between the two versions.ConclusionThe simplified Chinese Health Literacy Questionnaire measures some central concepts of health literacy well. However, the questionnaire may require further development, especially in linguistic and cultural aspects.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.7554/eLife.60060,

title = {Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-09},

journal = { NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC).},

abstract = {From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gallagher2020,

title = {Cognitive impairment and psychological state in acute coronary syndrome patients: A prospective descriptive study at cardiac rehabilitation entry, completion and follow-up},

author = {Robyn Gallagher and Anna Woolaston and Geoffrey Tofler and Adrian Bauman and Emma Zhao and Yun-Hee Jeon and Lis Neubeck and Julie-Anne Mitchell and Sharon L Naismith},

doi = {10.1177/1474515120933105},

issn = {1873-1953},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-11},

volume = {20},

number = {1},

pages = {56--63},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

abstract = {Abstract

               

                  Background

                  Cognitive impairment may limit the uptake of secondary prevention in acute coronary syndrome patients, but is poorly understood, including in cardiac rehabilitation participants.

               

               

                  Aim

                  The aim of this study was to explore cognitive impairment in relation to psychological state in acute coronary syndrome patients over the course of cardiac rehabilitation and follow-up.

               

               

                  Methods

                  Acute coronary syndrome patients without diagnosed dementia were assessed on verbal learning, processing speed, executive function and visual attention, at cardiac rehabilitation entry, completion and follow-up and scores adjusted using normative data. The hospital anxiety and depression scale measured psychological state.

               

               

                  Results

                  Participants (n = 40) had an average age of 66.2 (±8.22) years and were 70% men. Mild cognitive impairment occurred at cardiac rehabilitation entry in single 62.5% and multiple 22.5% domains but was significantly less prevalent by cardiac rehabilitation completion (52.5% and 15.0%) and follow-up (32.5% and 7.0%). Domains most often impaired were verbal learning (52.5%) and processing speed (25.6%), again decreasing significantly with time (verbal learning cardiac rehabilitation completion 42.5%, follow-up 22.5%; processing speed cardiac rehabilitation completion 15.0%, follow-up 15.0%). A small group of patients had persistent multiple domain cognitive impairment. At cardiac rehabilitation entry patients with cognitive impairment in processing speed, a single domain or multiple domains had more depression, and patients with cognitive impairment in executive function had more depression and anxiety.

               

               

                  Conclusions

                  At cardiac rehabilitation entry, mild cognitive impairment is very common in post-acute coronary syndrome patients and worse in patients who have depression or anxiety symptoms. Cognitive impairment decreases significantly by cardiac rehabilitation follow-up. A small proportion of patients has persistent, multiple domain cognitive impairment flagging potential long-term changes and the need for further investigations and cognitive rehabilitation.

               },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hanson2021,

title = {Gender Differences in Uptake, Adherence and Experiences: A Longitudinal, Mixed-Methods Study of a Physical Activity Referral Scheme in Scotland, UK},

author = {Coral L. Hanson and Lis Neubeck and Richard G. Kyle and Norrie Brown and Robyn Gallagher and Robyn A. Clark and Sheona McHale and Susan Dawkes},

doi = {10.3390/ijerph18041700},

issn = {1660-4601},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-00},

journal = {IJERPH},

volume = {18},

number = {4},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Physical activity referral schemes (PARS) are implemented internationally to increase physical activity (PA), but evidence of effectiveness for population subgroups is equivocal. We examined gender differences for a Scottish PARS. This mixed-methods, concurrent longitudinal study had equal status quantitative and qualitative components. We conducted 348 telephone interviews across three time points (pre-scheme, 12 and 52 weeks). These included validated self-reported PA and exercise self-efficacy measures and open-ended questions about experiences. We recruited 136 participants, of whom 120 completed 12-week and 92 completed 52-week interviews. PARS uptake was 83.8% (114/136), and 12-week adherence for those who started was 43.0% (49/114). Living in less deprived areas was associated with better uptake (p = 0.021) and 12-week adherence (p = 0.020), and with male uptake (p = 0.024) in gender-stratified analysis. Female adherers significantly increased self-reported PA at 12 weeks (p = 0.005) but not 52 weeks. Males significantly increased exercise self-efficacy between baseline and 52 weeks (p = 0.009). Three qualitative themes and eight subthemes developed; gender perspectives, personal factors (health, social circumstances, transport and attendance benefits) and scheme factors (communication, social/staff support, individualisation and age appropriateness). Both genders valued the PARS. To increase uptake, adherence and PA, PARS should ensure timely, personalised communication, individualised, affordable PA and include mechanisms to re-engage those who disengage temporarily.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Shi2020,

title = {Patient education interventions for health behaviour change in adults diagnosed with coronary heart disease: A protocol for a systematic review and meta‐analysis},

author = {Wendan Shi and Gabriela L. M. Ghisi and Karice Hyun and Ling Zhang and Robyn Gallagher},

doi = {10.1111/jan.14656},

issn = {1365-2648},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-00},

journal = {Journal of Advanced Nursing},

volume = {77},

number = {2},

pages = {1043--1050},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {AbstractAimTo assess the efficacy of structured patient education on disease‐related knowledge and health behaviour change outcomes in adults with coronary heart disease.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analyses including meta‐regression on education duration.MethodsSeven databases (including Medline, Pubmed (non‐Medline), CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, Emcare and Cochrane central register of controlled trials) will be searched from inception through 2020 to identify relevant randomized controlled trials testing interventions to improve health behaviours and disease‐related knowledge in adults with coronary heart disease. Risk for bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk for Bias tool. Data will be synthesized using random‐effects meta‐analyses in Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis Version 3. Heterogeneity will be assessed using Cochrane's Q statistic and the I‐squared statistic will be reported. Meta‐regression will be used to determine the effect of intervention duration. Publication bias will be assessed using funnel plots and Egger's test and which will be adjusted by conducting the trim‐and‐fill test when necessary. Funding for this project began in March 2020.DiscussionWe will examine knowledge and behaviour outcomes including physical activity, dietary habits, smoking and medication adherence for patients with coronary heart diseases. This review will be the most comprehensive meta‐analysis of structured patient education interventions to date and the first to analyse the effect of education duration.ImpactThe efficacy of patient education on knowledge and behaviour outcomes for patients with coronary heart diseases has not yet been established. This systematic review will determine the efficacy of structured patient education on knowledge and behaviour outcomes and determine whether the duration of patient education influences patient outcomes and thus guide intervention design. PROSPERO registration Number: CRD42020173467.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2021,

title = {Research priorities for COVID-19 sensor technology},

author = { and Allison Tong and Tania C. Sorrell and Andrew J. Black and Corinne Caillaud and Wojciech Chrzanowski and Eugena Li and David Martinez-Martin and Alistair McEwan and Rex Wang and Alice Motion and Alvaro Casas Bedoya and Jun Huang and Lamiae Azizi and Benjamin J. Eggleton},

doi = {10.1038/s41587-021-00816-8},

issn = {1546-1696},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-00},

journal = {Nat Biotechnol},

volume = {39},

number = {2},

pages = {144--147},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ghisi2021,

title = {Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiac Rehabilitation Delivery around the World},

author = {Gabriela Lima de Melo Ghisi and Zhiming Xu and Xia Liu and Ana Mola and Robyn Gallagher and Abraham Samuel Babu and Colin Yeung and Susan Marzolini and John Buckley and Paul Oh and Aashish Contractor and Sherry L. Grace},

doi = {10.5334/gh.939},

issn = {2211-8179},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-04},

journal = {gh},

volume = {16},

number = {1},

publisher = {Ubiquity Press, Ltd.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hyun2021,

title = {Gender Difference in Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Outcomes Following the Survival of Acute Coronary Syndrome},

author = {Karice Hyun and Ashlee Negrone and Julie Redfern and Emily Atkins and Clara Chow and Jen Kilian and Rohan Rajaratnam and David Brieger},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2020.06.026},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {30},

number = {1},

pages = {121--127},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{O'Neil2021,

title = {How Does Mental Health Impact Women's Heart Health?},

author = {Adrienne O'Neil and Josephine D. Russell and Barbara Murphy},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2020.05.111},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {30},

number = {1},

pages = {59--68},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Scovelle2021,

title = {Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in the Year Following Acute Coronary Syndrome: How Do Women Fare?},

author = {Anna J. Scovelle and Brian Oldenburg and C. Barr Taylor and David L. Hare and Emma E. Thomas and Samia R. Toukhsati and John Oldroyd and Josephine D. Russell and Adrienne O’Neil},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2020.06.019},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {30},

number = {1},

pages = {128--134},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Candelaria2020,

title = {Shorter Wait Times to Cardiac Rehabilitation Associated With Greater Exercise Capacity Improvements},

author = {Dion Candelaria and Robert Zecchin and Cate Ferry and Laila Ladak and Sue Randall and Robyn Gallagher},

doi = {10.1097/hcr.0000000000000548},

issn = {1932-7501},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-00-00},

volume = {41},

number = {4},

pages = {243--248},

publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},

abstract = {

            Purpose:

            Comprehensive exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) results in improved, though highly variable, exercise capacity outcomes. Whether modifiable factors such as CR program wait time and session duration are associated with exercise capacity outcomes has not been adequately investigated.

          

          

            Methods:

            Patients with coronary heart disease (±primary and elective percutaneous coronary interventions, cardiac surgery) who participated in CR programs involved in a three-state audit (n = 32 sites) were eligible. Exercise capacity was measured using the 6-min walk test before and after a 6- to 12-wk supervised exercise program. CR program characteristics were also recorded (wait time, number of sessions). Correlations and linear mixed-effects models were used to identify associations between sociodemographic and CR program characteristics and change in exercise capacity.

          

          

            Results:

            Patients (n = 894) had a mean age of 65.9 ± 11.8 yr, 71% were males, 33% were referred for cardiac surgery, and median wait time was 16 d (interquartile range 9, 26). Exercise capacity improved significantly and clinically (mean increase 70.4 ± 61.8 m). After adjusting for statistically significant factors including younger age (<50 vs ≥80 yr [β = 52.07]), female sex (β = −15.86), exercise capacity at CR entry (β = 0.22) and those nonsignificant (ethnicity, risk factors, and number of sessions), shorter wait time was associated with greater exercise capacity improvement (β = 0.23).

          

          

            Conclusions:

            This study confirms that greater exercise capacity improvements occur with shorter wait times. Coordinators should prioritize implementing strategies to shorten wait time to optimize the benefits of CR.

          },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Choi2021,

title = {Understanding Preferences for Lifestyle-Focused Visual Text Messages in Patients With Cardiovascular and Chronic Respiratory Disease: Discrete Choice Experiment},

author = {Michael Choi and Rebecca Raeside and Karice Hyun and Stephanie R Partridge and Aravinda Thiagalingam and Julie Redfern},

doi = {10.2196/26224},

issn = {1438-8871},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-00-00},

journal = {J Med Internet Res},

volume = {23},

number = {9},

publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc.},

abstract = {

            Background

            Supporting healthy lifestyle changes is a key aim of cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation programs. SMS text messaging programs have demonstrated effectiveness in cardiovascular disease risk reduction, weight loss, increasing physical activity, and smoking cessation. The optimization of SMS text messaging programs may deliver greater population benefits as mobile phone use becomes ubiquitous. Visual messaging (ie, image-based messages) has the potential to communicate health messages via digital technology and result in enhanced engagement.

          

          

            Objective

            This study aims to determine and understand patient preferences for lifestyle-focused visual text messages that support cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation.

          

          

            Methods

            A discrete choice experiment was conducted in a 4-stage iterative process to elicit patient preferences for visual message features. Attribute and level development yielded 3 attributes (purpose, image type, and web address), and 16 choice sets were subsequently constructed according to a full factorial design. Patients participating in cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation were surveyed (on the web) for their preferences regarding the visual message choice sets. Respondents were asked to choose among 16 pairs of visual messages regarding key lifestyle behaviors, namely, physical activity and nutrition. The data were analyzed using a conditional logit model.

          

          

            Results

            There was a total of 1728 observations from 54 unique respondents. Two factors that were associated with patient preference were gain-framed purpose compared with no purpose (odds ratio [OR] 1.93, 95% CI 1.40-2.65) and real images compared with cartoon images (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.04-1.54). A loss-framed purpose was less preferred than no purpose (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.74). Overall, patients preferred positive images that were colorful and engaged with text that supported the image and had a preference for images of real people rather than cartoons.

          

          

            Conclusions

            A discrete choice experiment is a scientific method for eliciting patient preferences for a visual messaging intervention that is designed to support changes in lifestyle behaviors. SMS text messaging programs that use visual aids may result in greater patient satisfaction by using a gain frame, using real images, and avoiding a loss frame. Further research is needed to explore the feasibility of implementation and the health and behavioral outcomes associated with such visual messaging programs.

          },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Coorey2021b,

title = {An Internet-Based Intervention for Cardiovascular Disease Management Integrated With Primary Care Electronic Health Records: Mixed Methods Evaluation of Implementation Fidelity and User Engagement},

author = {Genevieve Coorey and David Peiris and Anish Scaria and John Mulley and Lis Neubeck and Nashid Hafiz and Julie Redfern},

doi = {10.2196/25333},

issn = {1438-8871},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-00-00},

journal = {J Med Internet Res},

volume = {23},

number = {4},

publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc.},

abstract = {

            Background

            Growing evidence supports the benefits of eHealth interventions to increase patient engagement and improve outcomes for a range of conditions. However, ineffective program delivery and usage attrition limit exposure to these interventions and may reduce their effectiveness.

          

          

            Objective

            This study aims to evaluate the delivery fidelity of an eHealth intervention, describe use patterns, compare outcomes between low and high users, and identify mediating factors on intervention delivery and receipt.

          

          

            Methods

            This is a mixed methods study of an internet-based intervention being evaluated for effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The intervention comprised medication and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk data uploaded from the primary care electronic health record (EHR); interactive, personalized CVD risk score estimation; goal setting and self-monitoring; an interactive social forum; and optional receipt of heart health messages. Fidelity was assessed over 12 months. Trial outcomes were compared between low and high users. Data sources included program delivery records, web log data, trial data, and thematic analysis of communication records.

          

          

            Results

            Most participants in the intervention group (451/486, 93%) had an initial training session conducted by telephone (413/447, 92.4% of participants trained), with a mean duration of 44 minutes (range 10-90 minutes). Staff conducted 98.45% (1776/1804) of the expected follow-ups, mostly by telephone or email. Of the 451 participants who commenced log-ins, 46.8% (211) were categorized as low users (defined as at least one log-in in 3 or fewer months of follow-up), 40.4% (182) were categorized as high users (at least one log-in in more than 3 months of follow-up), and 12.8% (58) were nonadopters (no log-ins after their training session). The mean log-in frequency was 3-4 per month in ongoing users. There was no significant difference between the groups in the primary trial outcome of adherence to guideline-recommended medications (P=.44). In unadjusted analyses, high users had significantly greater eHealth literacy scores (P=.003) and were more likely to meet recommended weekly targets for fruit (P=.03) and fish (P=.004) servings; however, the adjusted findings were not significant. Interactive screen use was highest for goal tracking and lowest for the chat forum. Screens with EHR-derived data held only an early interest for most users. Fidelity measures (reach, content, dose delivered, and dose received) were influenced by the facilitation strategies used by staff, invisible qualities of staff-participant communication, and participants’ responsiveness to intervention attributes.

          

          

            Conclusions

            A multifeature internet-based intervention was delivered with high fidelity to the RCT protocol and was regularly used by 40.4% (182/451) of users over 12 months. Higher log-in frequency as an indicator of greater intervention exposure was not associated with statistically significant improvements in eHealth literacy scores, lifestyle changes, or clinical outcomes. Attributes of the intervention and individualized support influenced initial and ongoing use.

          },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Klimis2021,

title = {Text Message Analysis Using Machine Learning to Assess Predictors of Engagement With Mobile Health Chronic Disease Prevention Programs: Content Analysis},

author = {Harry Klimis and Joel Nothman and Di Lu and Chao Sun and N Wah Cheung and Julie Redfern and Aravinda Thiagalingam and Clara K Chow},

doi = {10.2196/27779},

issn = {2291-5222},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-00-00},

journal = {JMIR Mhealth Uhealth},

volume = {9},

number = {11},

publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc.},

abstract = {

            Background

            SMS text messages as a form of mobile health are increasingly being used to support individuals with chronic diseases in novel ways that leverage the mobility and capabilities of mobile phones. However, there are knowledge gaps in mobile health, including how to maximize engagement.

          

          

            Objective

            This study aims to categorize program SMS text messages and participant replies using machine learning (ML) and to examine whether message characteristics are associated with premature program stopping and engagement.

          

          

            Methods

            We assessed communication logs from SMS text message–based chronic disease prevention studies that encouraged 1-way (SupportMe/ITM) and 2-way (TEXTMEDS [Text Messages to Improve Medication Adherence and Secondary Prevention]) communication. Outgoing messages were manually categorized into 5 message intents (informative, instructional, motivational, supportive, and notification) and replies into 7 groups (stop, thanks, questions, reporting healthy, reporting struggle, general comment, and other). Grid search with 10-fold cross-validation was implemented to identify the best-performing ML models and evaluated using nested cross-validation. Regression models with interaction terms were used to compare the association of message intent with premature program stopping and engagement (replied at least 3 times and did not prematurely stop) in SupportMe/ITM and TEXTMEDS.

          

          

            Results

            We analyzed 1550 messages and 4071 participant replies. Approximately 5.49% (145/2642) of participants responded with stop, and 11.7% (309/2642) of participants were engaged. Our optimal ML model correctly classified program message intent with 76.6% (95% CI 63.5%-89.8%) and replies with 77.8% (95% CI 74.1%-81.4%) balanced accuracy (average area under the curve was 0.95 and 0.96, respectively). Overall, supportive (odds ratio [OR] 0.53, 95% CI 0.35-0.81) messages were associated with reduced chance of stopping, as were informative messages in SupportMe/ITM (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.20-0.60) but not in TEXTMEDS (for interaction, P<.001). Notification messages were associated with a higher chance of stopping in SupportMe/ITM (OR 5.76, 95% CI 3.66-9.06) but not TEXTMEDS (for interaction, P=.01). Overall, informative (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.46-2.12) and instructional (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.21-1.80) messages were associated with higher engagement but not motivational messages (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.82-1.70; P=.37). For supportive messages, the association with engagement was opposite with SupportMe/ITM (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.21-2.58) compared with TEXTMEDS (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.60-0.98; for interaction, P<.001). Notification messages were associated with reduced engagement in SupportMe/ITM (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.05-0.10) and TEXTMEDS (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.20-0.39); however, the strength of the association was greater in SupportMe/ITM (for interaction P<.001).

          

          

            Conclusions

            ML models enable monitoring and detailed characterization of program messages and participant replies. Outgoing message intent may influence premature program stopping and engagement, although the strength and direction of association appear to vary by program type. Future studies will need to examine whether modifying message characteristics can optimize engagement and whether this leads to behavior change.

          },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ferguson2020,

title = {Reflecting on the Impact of Cardiovascular Nurses in Australia and New Zealand in the International Year of the Nurse and Midwife},

author = {Caleb Ferguson and Sally C. Inglis and Robyn Gallagher and Patricia M. Davidson},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.921},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {29},

number = {12},

pages = {1744--1748},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ladak2020,

title = {Exploring the influence of socio-cultural factors and environmental resources on the health related quality of life of children and adolescents after congenital heart disease surgery: parental perspectives from a low middle income country},

author = {Laila A. Ladak and Robyn Gallagher and Babar S. Hasan and Khadija Awais and Ahmed Abdullah and Janice Gullick},

doi = {10.1186/s41687-020-00239-0},

issn = {2509-8020},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-00},

journal = {J Patient Rep Outcomes},

volume = {4},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {Abstract

                Background

                Health related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important indicator of long-term well-being, influenced by environmental factors such as family, culture, societal norms and available resources. This study aimed to explore parental perspectives on the influence of socio-cultural factors and environmental resources on the HRQOL of children and adolescents after congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery.

              

                Methods

                Using a descriptive, qualitative design, semi-structured interviews of children/adolescents who had CHD surgery in this low-middle income country (LMIC) were collected between July to December 2017. There were 20 families enrolled, which included 18 parent dyads (mother and father) and two single mothers, making a total of 38 participants. Initial inductive analysis was further refined using the Social Ecological Model as an analytic lens.

              

                Results

                At the intrapersonal level, unrealistic expectations of surgery, residual CHD symptoms and difficulty maintaining educational progress were of great concern. There were low levels of health literacy and understanding about CHD among family and friends, however, strong kinship ties were an important resource at the interpersonal level. These families lived in poverty and mothers often carried the sole burden of care for their sick children. At the institutional level, there were unclear expectations of the child’s needs at school, and parents had poor access to psychological, family-planning and genetic counselling, and poor access to CHD education resources. At a sociocultural level, religion and trust in God were important coping factors, however, CHD was a gendered experience with particular concerns around scarring and the marriageability of girls. Parents noted the deficit of antenatal and specialist CHD services and felt the consequence of a lack of a universal health care system at the public policy level.

              

                Conclusion

                Socio-ecological factors have the potential to explain the issues and challenges that children living in LMIC experience with CHD after surgery. The study findings will help to inform future interventions to be implemented in countries like Pakistan.

              },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Redfern2020b,

title = {QUality improvement in primary care to prevent hospitalisations and improve Effectiveness and efficiency of care for people Living with coronary heart disease (QUEL): protocol for a 24-month cluster randomised controlled trial in primary care},

author = {Julie Redfern and Nashid Hafiz and Karice Hyun and Andrew Knight and Charlotte Hespe and Clara K. Chow and Tom Briffa and Robyn Gallagher and Christopher Reid and David L. Hare and Nicholas Zwar and Mark Woodward and Stephen Jan and Emily R. Atkins and Tracey-Lea Laba and Elizabeth Halcomb and Laurent Billot and Tracey Johnson and Timothy Usherwood},

doi = {10.1186/s12875-020-01105-0},

issn = {1471-2296},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-00},

journal = {BMC Fam Pract},

volume = {21},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, is the leading cause of death and disability globally. A large proportion of mortality occurs in people with prior CHD and effective and scalable strategies are needed to prevent associated deaths and hospitalisations. The aim of this study is to determine if a practice-level collaborative quality improvement program, focused on patients with CHD, reduces the rate of unplanned CVD hospitalisations and major adverse cardiovascular events, and increases the proportion of patients achieving risk factor targets at 24 months.MethodsCluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) to evaluate the effectiveness of a primary care quality improvement program in 50 primary care practices (n~ 10,000 patients) with 24-month follow-up. Eligible practices will be randomised (1:1) to participate in either the intervention (collaborative quality improvement program) or control (standard care) regimens. Outcomes will be assessed based on randomised allocation, according to intention-to-treat. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients with unplanned CVD hospitalisations at 2 years. Secondary outcomes are proportion of patients with major adverse cardiovascular events, proportion of patients who received prescriptions for guideline-recommended medicines, proportion of patients achieving national risk factor targets and proportion with a chronic disease management plan or review. Differences in the proportion of patients who are hospitalised (as well as binary secondary outcomes) will be analysed using log-binomial regression or robust Poisson regression, if necessary.DiscussionDespite extensive research with surrogate outcomes, to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a data-driven collaborative quality improvement intervention on hospitalisations, CVD events and cardiovascular risk amongst patients with CHD in the primary care setting. The use of data linkage for collection of outcomes will enable evaluation of this potentially efficient strategy for improving management of risk and outcomes for people with heart disease.Trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) numberACTRN12619001790134(dated 20th December 2019).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wang2020,

title = {Sex differences in the association between marital status and the risk of cardiovascular, cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 7,881,040 individuals},

author = {Yafeng Wang and Yurui Jiao and Jing Nie and Adrienne O’Neil and Wentao Huang and Lei Zhang and Jiafei Han and Hao Liu and Yikun Zhu and Chuanhua Yu and Mark Woodward},

doi = {10.1186/s41256-020-00133-8},

issn = {2397-0642},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-00},

journal = {glob health res policy},

volume = {5},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {Abstract

Purpose

To ascertain whether sex differences exist in the relationship between marital status and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD), cancer and all-cause mortality in the general population and to explore the potential effect of age, location, the duration of follow-up and publication years on these outcomes.



Methods

A systematic search was performed in PubMed and EMBASE from inception through to April 2018 and review of references to obtain sex-specific relative risks and their 95% confidence intervals. These were used to derive the women-to-men ratio of RRs (RRR) and 95% CI for each study. RRs and RRRs for each outcome were then pooled using random effects inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis.



Results

Twenty-one studies with 7,891,623 individuals and 1,888,752 deaths were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with married individuals, being unmarried was significantly associated with all-cause, cancer, CVD and coronary heart disease mortalities for both sexes. However, the association with CVD and all-cause mortality was stronger in men. Being divorced/separated was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality in men and a stronger risk of cancer and CVD mortality. The pooled ratio for women versus men showed 31 and 9% greater risk of stroke mortality and all-cause mortality associated with never married in men than in women.



Conclusions

Being unmarried conferred higher risk of stroke and all-cause mortality for men than women. Moreover, divorced/separated men had higher risk of cancer mortality and CVD mortality. Further studies are warranted to clarify the biological, behavioral, and/or social mechanisms involved in sex differences by these associations.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Zhang2020b,

title = {Health literacy as a predictor of emergency department visits and self-rated health among Chinese immigrants: findings from an Australian survey},

author = {Ling Zhang and Ding Ding and Lis Neubeck and Robyn Gallagher},

doi = {10.1016/j.pec.2020.04.017},

issn = {0738-3991},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-11-00},

journal = {Patient Education and Counseling},

volume = {103},

number = {11},

pages = {2353--2360},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{James2020,

title = {A discussion of healthcare support for adolescents and young adults with long‐term conditions: Current policy and practice and future opportunities},

author = {Steven James and Lin Perry and Robyn Gallagher and Julia Lowe},

doi = {10.1111/ijn.12882},

issn = {1440-172X},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-00},

journal = {Int J of Nursing Practice},

volume = {26},

number = {5},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {AbstractBackgroundAdolescence and young adulthood can be a period of significant and unique life changes in which competing demands and challenges distract from disease self‐management. Specific challenges related to the way individual services are configured can also limit the support available. This paper presents a discussion of healthcare service support for adolescents and young adults, using type 1 diabetes as an exemplar.DesignDiscussion paper.ResultsA wide variety of issues at the biopsychosocial level of the individual, health services policy and practice pose challenges to effective health support for adolescents and young adults. Intersectoral, multilevel and multicomponent opportunities are available to engage and empower young people to be part of change and accountability mechanisms and to transform the support available and outcomes achievable. A priority research agenda can benefit patients, families and their communities.ConclusionFuture policy and practice development may assist clinicians, service providers and managers, policymakers, non‐governmental organizations and community groups to deliver more effective and efficient support to vulnerable adolescent and young adult populations.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{O'Neil2020b,

title = {Sex-Specific Differences in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Outcomes After a Cardiac Event: A Cohort Study Examining the Role of Depression, Worry and Autonomic Function},

author = {Adrienne O'Neil and Anna J. Scovelle and Emma Thomas and Josephine D. Russell and C. Barr Taylor and David L. Hare and Samia Toukhsati and John Oldroyd and W.P. Thanuja Rangani and D.S. Anoja F. Dheerasinghe and Brian Oldenburg},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2020.03.001},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {29},

number = {10},

pages = {1449--1458},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gallagher2020b,

title = {Evaluation of Cardiac Rehabilitation Performance and Initial Benchmarks for Australia: An Observational Cross-State and Territory Snapshot Study},

author = {Robyn Gallagher and Cate Ferry and Dion Candelaria and Laila Ladak and Robert Zecchin},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2020.01.010},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {29},

number = {9},

pages = {1397--1404},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gallagher2020d,

title = {Cardiac Rehabilitation Quality in Australia: Proposed National Indicators for Field-Testing},

author = {Robyn Gallagher and Emma Thomas and Carolyn Astley and Rachelle Foreman and Cate Ferry and Robert Zecchin and Steve Woodruffe},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2020.02.014},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {29},

number = {9},

pages = {1273--1277},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Inglis2020,

title = {CSANZ COVID-19 Cardiovascular Nursing Care Consensus Statement: Executive Summary},

author = {Sally C. Inglis and Carolyn Naismith and Kevin White and Jeroen M. Hendriks and Janet Bray and Louise D. Hickman and Chris Aldridge and Kimberley Bardsley and Jan Cameron and Dion Candelaria and Susie Cartledge and Huiyun Du and Caleb Ferguson and Lorelle Martin and Terina Selkow and Xiaoyue Xu and Rochelle Wynne and Andrea Driscoll and Robyn Gallagher and Robyn Clark and Patricia M. Davidson},

doi = {10.1016/j.hlc.2020.08.001},

issn = {1443-9506},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-00},

journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation},

volume = {29},

number = {9},

pages = {1263--1267},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Neubeck2020,

title = {Delivering healthcare remotely to cardiovascular patients during COVID-19},

author = {Lis Neubeck and Tina Hansen and Tiny Jaarsma and Leonie Klompstra and Robyn Gallagher},

doi = {10.1177/1474515120924530},

issn = {1873-1953},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-08-00},

journal = {European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing},

volume = {19},

number = {6},

pages = {486--494},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

abstract = {BackgroundAlthough attention is focused on addressing the acute situation created by the COVID-19 illness, it is imperative to continue our efforts to prevent cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, particularly during a period of prolonged social isolation which may limit physical activity, adversely affect mental health and reduce access to usual care. One option may be to deliver healthcare interventions remotely through digital healthcare solutions. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to bring together the evidence for remote healthcare during a quarantine situation period to support people living with cardiovascular disease during COVID-19 isolation.MethodsThe PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar were searched using telehealth OR digital health OR mHealth OR eHealth OR mobile apps AND COVID-19 OR quarantine search terms. We also searched for literature relating to cardiovascular disease AND quarantine.ResultsThe literature search identified 45 potentially relevant publications, out of which nine articles were included. Three overarching themes emerged from this review: (1) preparing the workforce and ensuring reimbursement for remote healthcare, (2) supporting mental and physical health and (3) supporting usual care.ConclusionTo support people living with cardiovascular disease during COVID-19 isolation and to mitigate the effects of quarantine and adverse effect on mental and physical well-being, we should offer remote healthcare and provide access to their usual care.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{O’Neil2020,

title = {Inequalities and Deteriorations in Cardiovascular Health in Premenopausal US Women, 1990–2016},

author = {Adrienne O’Neil and Kelly Thompson and Josephine D. Russell and Robyn Norton},

doi = {10.2105/ajph.2020.305702},

issn = {1541-0048},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-08-00},

journal = {Am J Public Health},

volume = {110},

number = {8},

pages = {1175--1181},

publisher = {American Public Health Association},

abstract = { Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates in the United States have declined by up to two thirds in recent decades. Closer examination of these trends reveals substantial inequities in the distribution of mortality benefits. It is worrying that the uneven distribution of CHD that exists from lowest to highest social class—the social gradient—has become more pronounced in the United States since 1990 and is most pronounced for women.  Here we consider ways in which this trend disproportionately affects premenopausal women aged 35 to 54 years. We apply a social determinants of health framework focusing on intersecting axes of inequalities—notably gender, class, ethnicity, geographical location, access to wealth, and class—among other power relations to which young and middle-aged women are especially vulnerable, and we argue that increasing inequalities may be driving these unprecedented deteriorations. We conclude by discussing interventions and policies to target and alleviate inequality axes that have potential to promote greater equity in the distribution of CHD mortality and morbidity gains.  The application of this framework in the context of women’s cardiovascular health can help shed light regarding why we are seeing persistently poorer outcomes for premenopausal US women. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Zaman2020,

title = {Cardiovascular disease and

            COVID

            ‐19: Australian and New Zealand consensus statement},

author = {Sarah Zaman and Andrew I MacIsaac and Garry LR Jennings and Markus P Schlaich and Sally C Inglis and Ruth Arnold and Saurabh Kumar and Liza Thomas and Sudhir Wahi and Sidney Lo and Carolyn Naismith and Stephen J Duffy and Stephen J Nicholls and Andrew Newcomb and Aubrey A Almeida and Selwyn Wong and Mayanna Lund and Derek P Chew and Leonard Kritharides and Clara K Chow and Ravinay Bhindi},

doi = {10.5694/mja2.50714},

issn = {1326-5377},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-08-00},

journal = {Medical Journal of Australia},

volume = {213},

number = {4},

pages = {182--187},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}